Question 1

What is Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Laravel is a free, open-source PHP web framework created by Taylor Otwell. It follows the model–view–controller (MVC) architectural pattern and is designed for the development of web applications.

Question 2

What are the core features of Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Core features include a modular packaging system with dependency management, different ways for accessing relational databases (Eloquent ORM), utilities that aid in application deployment and maintenance, routing, and a template engine (Blade).

Question 3

What is Artisan in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Artisan is the name of the command-line interface included with Laravel. It provides a number of helpful commands for your use while developing your application, driven by the powerful Symfony Console component.

Question 4

What is Composer and why does Laravel use it?

Accepted Answer

Composer is a tool for dependency management in PHP. It allows you to declare the libraries your project depends on and it will manage (install/update) them for you. Laravel uses it to manage its components and dependencies.

Question 5

What are Routing basics in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Routing maps HTTP requests to specific controller actions or closures. Basic Laravel routes accept a URI and a closure, providing a very simple and expressive method of defining routes.
Code Example:
Route::get('/hello', function () {
    return 'Hello World';
});

Question 6

What are CSRF Tokens in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

CSRF stands for Cross-Site Request Forgery. Laravel automatically generates a CSRF "token" for each active user session managed by the application. This token is used to verify that the authenticated user is the one actually making the requests.

Question 7

What is a Controller in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Controllers can group related request handling logic into a single class. For example, a `UserController` might handle all incoming requests related to users, including showing, creating, updating, and deleting users.

Question 8

What are Models in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Models in Laravel typically reside in the `app/Models` directory. The Eloquent ORM included with Laravel provides a beautiful, simple ActiveRecord implementation for working with your database.

Question 9

What is a Migration?

Accepted Answer

Migrations are like version control for your database, allowing your team to define and share the application's database schema definition. They are paired with Laravel's schema builder to build the database schema.

Question 10

What are Views in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Views separate your application logic from your presentation logic. In Laravel, views are typically defined using the Blade templating engine and are stored in the `resources/views` directory.

Question 11

What is Blade Templating Engine?

Accepted Answer

Blade is the simple, yet powerful templating engine provided with Laravel. Unlike some PHP templating engines, Blade does not restrict you from using plain PHP code in your views.

Question 12

How do you create a controller using Artisan?

Accepted Answer

You can create a controller using the `make:controller` Artisan command.
Code Example:
php artisan make:controller UserController

Question 13

How do you create a model using Artisan?

Accepted Answer

You use the `make:model` command. You can also generate a migration simultaneously by appending `-m`.
Code Example:
php artisan make:model Post -m

Question 14

What is the file structure of a fresh Laravel project?

Accepted Answer

Important directories include `app/` (core code, controllers, models), `config/` (configuration files), `database/` (migrations, seeders), `public/` (index.php, CSS, JS), `resources/` (views, uncompiled assets), and `routes/`.

Question 15

What is Database Seeding?

Accepted Answer

Laravel includes a simple method of seeding your database with test data using seed classes. All seed classes are stored in the `database/seeders` directory.

Question 16

What is Middleware in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Middleware provide a convenient mechanism for inspecting and filtering HTTP requests entering your application. For example, Laravel includes a middleware that verifies the user of your application is authenticated.

Question 17

What are Route Parameters?

Accepted Answer

Route parameters allow you to capture segments of the URI within your route. They are always encased within `{}` braces.
Code Example:
Route::get('/user/{id}', function ($id) { return 'User '.$id; });

Question 18

What is the use of `dd()` in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

`dd()` stands for 'Dump and Die'. It dumps the given variables and ends the execution of the script. It is heavily used for debugging.

Question 19

How do you configure database connections in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Database configuration is handled primarily in the `.env` file at the root of the project, mapping to the `config/database.php` configuration file.

Question 20

What is Eloquent ORM?

Accepted Answer

Eloquent is Laravel's Object-Relational Mapper (ORM). It provides an active record implementation for working with your database. Each database table has a corresponding 'Model' which is used to interact with that table.

Question 21

How do you define an Artisan command?

Accepted Answer

You can create an Artisan command using `php artisan make:command NameCommand`. The logic goes into the `handle` method of the generated class.

Question 22

What is the `public` directory used for?

Accepted Answer

The `public` directory contains the `index.php` file, which is the entry point for all requests entering your application. It also houses your assets such as images, JavaScript, and CSS.

Question 23

How to pass data to a View?

Accepted Answer

You can pass an array of data as the second argument to the `view` helper function, or use the `with` method.
Code Example:
return view('greetings', ['name' => 'Victoria']);

Question 24

What is a Service Provider?

Accepted Answer

Service providers are the central place of all Laravel application bootstrapping. Your application, as well as all of Laravel's core services, are bootstrapped via service providers.

Question 25

How to handle form validation?

Accepted Answer

Laravel provides several different approaches to validate your application's incoming data, such as the `validate` method available on all incoming HTTP requests.
Code Example:
$request->validate(['title' => 'required|unique:posts|max:255']);

Question 26

Explain Dependency Injection in Laravel.

Accepted Answer

Dependency Injection is a design pattern used to pass dependencies into a class rather than having the class create them. Laravel's Service Container natively handles resolving these dependencies when instantiating Controllers and other classes.

Question 27

What is the Service Container?

Accepted Answer

The Laravel service container is a powerful tool for managing class dependencies and performing dependency injection. Binding and resolving are its core features.

Question 28

What is a Facade in Laravel?

Accepted Answer

Facades provide a "static" interface to classes that are available in the application's service container. They serve as "proxies" to underlying classes in the container, providing the benefit of a terse, expressive syntax.

Question 29

How do Eloquent Relationships work?

Accepted Answer

Eloquent relations are defined as methods on your Eloquent model classes. Types of relationships include: One To One, One To Many, Many To Many, Has One Through, Has Many Through, and Polymorphic Relations.

Question 30

Explain the `with()` method (Eager Loading) in Eloquent.

Accepted Answer

When accessing Eloquent relationships as properties, the relationship data is "lazy loaded". Eager loading (`with`) alleviates the N+1 query problem by fetching related models in a minimal number of queries.

Laravel Framework Interview Master

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Tools & Options

What is Laravel?

What are the core features of Laravel?

What is Artisan in Laravel?

What is Composer and why does Laravel use it?

What are Routing basics in Laravel?

What are CSRF Tokens in Laravel?

What is a Controller in Laravel?

What are Models in Laravel?

What is a Migration?

What are Views in Laravel?

What is Blade Templating Engine?

How do you create a controller using Artisan?

How do you create a model using Artisan?

What is the file structure of a fresh Laravel project?

What is Database Seeding?

What is Middleware in Laravel?

What are Route Parameters?

What is the use of `dd()` in Laravel?

How do you configure database connections in Laravel?

What is Eloquent ORM?

How do you define an Artisan command?

What is the `public` directory used for?

How to pass data to a View?

What is a Service Provider?

How to handle form validation?

Explain Dependency Injection in Laravel.

What is the Service Container?

What is a Facade in Laravel?

How do Eloquent Relationships work?

Explain the `with()` method (Eager Loading) in Eloquent.

What are Accessors and Mutators?

What are Form Requests?

What is Mass Assignment vulnerability and how does Laravel prevent it?

What are Eloquent Collections?

What is Route Model Binding?

What are Laravel Events and Listeners?

What are Laravel Jobs and Queues?

What is caching in Laravel?

What is an API Resource in Laravel?

What is `SoftDeletes` trait?

How does Session management work in Laravel?

Explain Request Lifecycle in Laravel.

What is the difference between `Query Builder` and `Eloquent`?

What are Laravel Policies?

What is the difference between `Cache::put()` and `Cache::remember()`?

What is Laravel Telescope?

Explain Database Transactions in Laravel.

What is a polymorphic relationship?

What are Observers in Laravel?

What is Route Grouping?

How does the Service Container resolve dependencies deeply?

What is the difference between `bind`, `singleton`, and `instance` in Service Container?

Explain Deferred Service Providers.

How does Macroable trait work in Laravel?

Explain the Pipeline Pattern in Laravel Middleware.

What is Eloquent Global Scopes?

How does Laravel Octane improve performance?

What are Custom Casts in Eloquent?

Explain Broadcasting in Laravel.

What are Queued Event Listeners?

How to handle Multi-tenancy in Laravel?

What are Database locking mechanisms in Laravel?

Explain Laravel Horizon.

How to handle heavy polymorphic querying efficiently?

Explain CSRF bypass and safety in stateful vs stateless APIs.

What are the advantages of using UUID/ULID over incremental IDs?

Deep Dive into Laravel Reverb.

How does Laravel chunking handle large datasets?

What is `chunkById()` and why is it safer than `chunk()` when updating?

How does the Task Scheduling (`schedule` method) work under the hood?

What is `tap()` helper function?

Deep dive on Eloquent serialization.

Explain Repository Pattern vs Active Record in Laravel.

What is Laravel Sanctum vs Passport?

How would you structure a highly complex domain in Laravel?

Write a Route that returns a given user ID.

Create a Query to fetch users with more than 5 posts.